Saturday, January 30, 2010

Minefield's: Journalistic ethics and the Israeli conflict as seen in South Africa

I am not Jewish, nor am I Muslim. I do not understand how much the conflict in Israel means to South African Jews and South African Muslims.

This week at  taught me lot about that when I covered an incident of hate speech on campus for the University of Witswatersrand student paper.  I also learnt how hard being fair as a journalist really was.
Here is a breakdown of the story:

A year ago, The Palestinian Solidarity Committee invited a leading trade unionist from COSATU (Congress of South African Trade Unions) to speak at their Israel Apartheid week. His name is Bongani Masuku.

His comments included:

“…as we struggle to liberate Palestine from the racists, fascists and Zionists who belong to the era of their Friend Hitler! We must not apologise, every Zionist must be made to drink the bitter medicine they are feeding our brothers and sisters in Palestine. We must target them, expose them and do all that is needed to subject them to perpetual suffering until they withdraw from the land of others and stop their savage attacks on human dignity…”.


“… all who have not accepted or woken up to the reality that we now live in a democratic South Africa where racism or promotion of it is a crime, are free to leave the country. I repeat whether Jew or whomsoever does so, must not just be encouraged but forced to leave, for such a crime is so heinous it can’t be tolerated…”.


So in response a Jewish organisation, the Jewish Board of Deputies, complained to the Human Rights Commission (HRC). The HRC ruled that what Masuku said was hate speech. For the rest of the drama read the full story.

Doing this story was an eye-opener to the tensions that exist between  between the Wits Jewish students, the Wits Palestinian supporters (Muslims) and the black Wits political students who support Palestine.

It was also an eye-opener in terms of how hard it is to be a journalist that is fair and tells both sides of the story. I think it was easier for me to tell this story as I am not involved in Israel or in the ethnic groups.

Although I was amazed at how easy it is to find myself slightly being biased. I think one of my Jewish sources, Benji, is super cool, very charming and good looking and I had to keep checking I didn't favour his side of the story. He has gone out of his way to help me with stories before and he is so intelligent and lovely. Charm is powerful.

I always thought ethics were easy: tell the truth, get one's quotes right and don't acccept bribes.
But ethics are so much more subtle than that. It comes down to how one orders the story, which quotes one uses and the title and photos that one chooses. In short - how it is written.

All I had was my judgement and I already know that I felt a little biased by how nice the Jewish students were, how rude the trade union was and how unhelpful the Palestinian Solidarity Commitee was.

And then at a University bar on Thursday night, a long-term photojournalist tells me how often journalists are offered bribes when covering African stories and how his editor was once in on a plan with a long term source to offer him a bribe. Had the photojournalist taken it, he would have lost his job after years of working for this editor.

"The media chews you up and spits you out," he told me. "They don't teach you that at journ school," he added.

Pity they don't warn us. Pity we only had 2 or 3 lectures on ethics when I studied journalism last year. Not enough to help with stories like this one in which Jewish and Muslim students were so sensitive and so personally involved.

I am entering a minefield as I start my career as a journalist.

Monday, January 18, 2010

UCT's shocking administration and bad customer care

Universities teach Business, Administration and how to get ahead.
They don't teach their staff. My sister has not received an admissions letter although the electronic computer system shows she is accepted to the University of Cape Town. She is missing her compulsory University Orientation because she did not get the required documentation from UCT. She called and the lady at the admissions centre was rude to her. I heard my sister say the letter she needed hadn't arrived about 8 times. My sister knows she has been accepted because she can access the students admissions computer system.

Then after being told to wait for her admissions letter (UCT orientation has started already) she phoned the Humanities Department. They told her orientation had started and were not much help either. She was cut off so she phoned again and was shouted at for not being organised and at O-week. Nobody helped her or admitted that because she hadn't received the required documentation, it was UCT's fault. I studied a business course at UCT . There was place for me at the last minute because many of those accepted into the course didn't show up for registration. Many of those that did turn up, hadn't recieved acceptance letters either. How many UCT students don't hear they have a place and fail to come to University because of their acceptance letters not arriving? Yes UCT has electronic admissions status but only 2% of this country has access to the Internet.

Interestingly accounts showing what one money one owes always arrive. My sister has been sent a fee account but no acceptance letter for her course.

I was a Wits student last year. Registering to study was a nightmare. I then couldn't access the University for weeks because it took weeks before my student card was activated to allow me to park.

Friends of mine were billed for courses they had paid for. Wits has a reputation of having disastrous administration.

How can Universities be run in such a haphazard fashion and be filled with professors who know all about management, organisation, computer systems and leadership? They don't practice what they preach. Nor they set an example to the leaders and teachers of tomorrow.

Saturday, January 16, 2010

Shark Attacks

It's funny how people believe bad things won't happen to them. And my grandfather thinks he is always right. This time he was.
 On Monday I took my visiting grandparents to Fishoek beach to have coffee as the coffee shop is right on the beach. It has a beautiful view and no stairs for my almost 80-year-old-gran to mount. So while looking at the blustery sea, my grandfather mentions the shark attack a few years ago and the conversation turns to shark nets. I replied that we can't have shark nets here and Fishoek is safe - only one shark attack ever. I also explained that shark spotters are paid to stand on the mountains overlooking the bay and a siren sounds when the sharks come too close to swimmers. A flag system is used to warn about the danger of sharks or low visibility. I couldn't say then which flag meant what. But I argued with my grandfather that shark attacks were not a threat.

The very next day a Zimbabwean man was swimming at Fishoek beach in chest-high in water and was eaten by a shark. Eyewitnesses say the shark took a bite, swam away, and then turned around and swallowed him whole. It happened quickly with blood and a fin visible to most.

The 37 year old victim's wife was on the beach.
1) My immediate thought was that I wished I had been there and that I had missed the drama on Fishoek by a day. Then I felt like a blood-hungry journalist who didn't care that this was more than story. It was a tragedy. A youngish man enjoying a holiday swim in the middle of summer got eaten while his wife sat on the beach. It was almost movie-like.

2) The day after the attack was a perfect-windless summer day. Usually summer days are windy and unpleasant by the afternoon. But one day after the tragedy it was if the sea had been calmed in some sacifice to  angry gods.

Due to the heat and flat beauty of a calm sea, my siblings and I wanted to swim. We drove above the beaches on Boyes drive and looked down longingly at the clean crisp ocean devoid of people. From the mountain, we could see perfect surfing waves and blue sea glistening in the hot sun. We moaned that we couldn't swim. The beaches were closed while authorities searched for the body of the shark attack. How selfish is human behavior? It is only fitting that we empty the beaches as some kind of mourning for a life so suddenly taken on a summer holiday day. Not to mention that finding the body was important. Yet we just thought about how we couldn't swim that day. His body has not been found a week later.

3) Four days after the attack my younger brother and our British visitor went surfing, unafraid of the shark that had eaten someone a few days before about ten kilometres away. If it takes four days to depersonalise the danger of the ocean, what does it take to keep people aware of the danger of HIV /AIDS and get them wearing a condom consistently? This is a valid question in South Africa where more than 5 million people are HIV positive? We think we are immortal or that we will all live till 80.

4) The day after the attack my hairdresser told us how he had learnt about it through twitter. One of the clients in the salon had a family member on the beach who twittered about it and soon the whole salon knew before radio news told them. All the news did was repeat what they knew. When is South African radio news  going to add more to what citizen journalists already know?

Somebody died swimming. There are questions to answer. These are some of them:
Is shark cage diving contributing to the increase of shark attacks?
Do sharks now associate the smell of humans with food given to them when humans enter their undersea world?
Are sharks coming in looking for food because the seas are over-fished?
Are the shark spotters, that are funded by government and business, doing their job? If the shark sirens and flags are not intelligible to tourists and non-locals what is the point of paying spotters people to stand on the mountain and look for sharks? Perhaps their flags and sirens need a little interpretation so beach goers notice and understand them.

Or perhaps shark spotters, who can see little on an ordinary windy summer day, are not the answer to the increase of shark attacks in the bay. Nobody debated what the answer could be because the next day new news took over the airwaves.

Monday, December 21, 2009

Cape Town is white

Life in  Cape Town is like Johannesburg on weed. Everybody walks slower, thinks slower and just generally enjoys life. It is like the whole of Jo'burg just got stoned.
I do not believe our bodies were designed for the rat race. I wonder how many more heart attacks and diseases per capita exist in Johannesburg. There is certainly more tension on the roads. There is more tension in a normal interaction at the supermarket. Shop Assistants aren't as friendly in Johannesburg.

 In Cape Town people do not sit on your tail, they are patient on the road and shop assistants are friendly.

In Johannesburg racial tension is rife.I think that explains a lot about why shop assistants are less friendly and why everyday living is harder.

Cape Coloureds and Whites get on a whole lot better here.The anger and hatred so palpable in Jo'burg is not evident here. I guess its below the surface. As suburbs are still white, coloured or black people are still separated. So the physical distance between people means there is a lot of distance and the racial tension is separated.

The Shopping Centres are fulled with predominantly white customers and black people stick out uncomfortably. It does feel like a white colony here. Cape Town is not as integrated. I wonder how  the black shoppers feel. Cavendish yesterday did have that "black people are here as cleaners and shop assistants" feel.

Yet black shoppers are plentiful in the shops opposite and next to Cavendish. It is just that they don't go inside. I wonder why...

Friday, November 6, 2009

The final countdown

I am too much of a last minute person for my own good or my own health.

I spent so much time doing research on The Jukskei project that I didn't leave enough time for production. I get so carried away with finding out info because I love research, that I don't always leave adequate time for the crafting of my work. I almost feel I did too much work and spoke to too many people.

Although my Bruma Lake story is almost done! Yaaaaaay!

 But I am still anxious because Monday 9 am is the final deadline. How do I always finish everything at the last minute? I don't start it at the last minute but I always get it all finished 5 seconds before deadline. My poor nerves and heart and housemates who who have to live with this wide-eyed panicked looking girl.


This is how my next four days will go: I am editing a sound clip on Bruma today and finishing my written piece. Then after work tomorrow, I edit my video with Alistair because we didn't finish it on Tuesday and then on Sunday I finish editing my sound for my audio slide-show about the graslands near the Jukskei. I have so much audio and I have no idea how I am going to fit 40 minutes of speaking into one 3 minute piece.

It is probably easier to edit work if one does less. I am somewhat overwhelmed by all my material. I have too much of it!

But this project has been fun and I know I made the right choice to study Journalism and it makes moving my life to Jo'burg worth it even though I miss home and my old salary terribly.

Monday, November 2, 2009

Communicating with the government

If you want a reply from government have a friend who works there, otherwise expect your email to be ignored. If you want a reply that shows intelligence and an attempt to answer your questions, then don't email the government.

So 2 weeks ago I emailed government employee, Jane Eagle, who has been managing the sewerage and litter problem at Bruma Lake for more than ten years. Jane works for Jo'burg's Environmental Management Department. Jane promised an email reply by Thursday, a week and a half ago. I have given up waiting.

So today I emailed Eagle's boss, Flora. Flora is the head of the Environmental Management Department which is the Dept that has some responsibilty towards Bruma Lake. In other words the EM Dept needs to deal with the terrible smell and all the sewerage in the lake.

Anyway, Flora did not reply to the direct email I sent to her. But a friend of mine in the City Council forwarded her the email. She replied to him and he forwarded her answer to me.  I guess I need more friends in the Joburg council.

Not that Flora's reply was helpful.

I titled the message: "Bruma Lake media query"

She wrote: Is this a media query or a query to help you with your studies.



I wrote: My name is Katharine Child. I am writing a story for a Wits website on Bruma Lake. I have some questions about the lake. As I will be writing about what people say about Joburg water and the Environmental Management department, I need to give you a right to reply

She wrote: We report on Bruma on a quarterly basis where you can get more information from Council reports. It is difficult for us to manage such queries as and when they come and we rather refer questions to be based on our own reports


She can only answer questions from her reports. Wow!

I wrote: My research shows that various attempts to clean the lake have failed over the last few years. First there were litter nets used to catch litter but these were often full and broken, according to people involved with keeping the lake clean in 2002 and 2003. The litter nets were not well maintained and did not work. Then the litter trap was built but now the gate is not kept down properly, due to the sewerage, so litter gets into Bruma lake anyway under the gate that was open.


She wrote: It would appear you got briefing from someone else that you are not disclosing and now want us to respond on a matter we have no context about.


She has no context about what her department is in charge of ?
I asked her about what she said and what was discussed at a meeting, she attended a week ago. The questions came from the minutes of the meeting and she was there. Has she forgotton?


She wrote: Please clarify your context before we provide you with info

I feel I am getting nowhere with them.

Sunday, November 1, 2009

Friday - Sunday

Friday was hilarious. Alistair and I filmed a guy called Andrew, drinking out of the Jukskei river with a water purifier called Life straw. Andrew is working with an NGO called Vertical life. Vertical life wants to take this water purifer through Africa because it is easy to use, small and has no working parts. But it only lasts a year and is very expensive. It is a temporary solution to bad water and the problem with handouts is that they create a beggar mentality. However Vertical life wants to teach people about digging wells and accessing clean water, as a more long term solution. They are doing anything for publicity to raise money for their projects, even drinking out of the Jukskei wth their product. I don't want to do PR for the company, Vertical Life, but I do want a short video of Andrew drinking from the river for the website. It will be something light hearted.

To get to the river Andrew followed my car and I was so self consicous about being followed, I managed to drive in the wrong lane and hit the curb when trying to park. It was all very embarrassing, but I laughed all the way home. Before going home Andrew got pulled over by the cops for having no licence plates- his  licence plate fell off on the way to the river. The other one was already missing.
So he is this crazy licence plateless guy who drinks out of toilet bowls and the Jukskei with his water purifier. Alistair called him "a river crazy". The whole experience was somewhat amusing even if I was a "woman" driver.

On Saturday, I got quite stressed when I got up at 5:30 in the morning and couldn't find my Jukskei project notebook. I got up early to prepare for my English class but then panicked when I imagined my notes were gone. I was so happy to find my book in the Wits lab at 9 o'clock on Saturday morning. I may have been happier sleeping-in, but finding my stuff was a close second.

Today, Sunday, was somewhat overwhelming - environmentalist,  Marian Laserson gave me piles of material about the Sizwe grasslands, that the Jukskei is part of. She has such high hopes for my project. But to really investigate things I need more time. If I were to look into the grasslands, the plans to develop them and the fact they haven't been developed, in the way Marian wants me to, I would take 2 months. I feel I will disappoint her because I cannot study them in so much depth.

Just to explain why I am doing an audio piece on the grasslands- The Juskei river is an essential part of these grasslands and the lack of development, so, far has been good for the river. But the grasslands are prime development material due to their size and location, so who knows what is next. The Public Works Agency owns the land and may want to develop it. The grasslands help clean the river, and prevent flooding as they absorb rain water. The river would fill up with more water in summer should the grasslands surrounding it be developed into housing or office blocks.

I have so many people still to speak to about the grasslands, but so little time. I really am stressed.

Jo'burg water still has not returned my emails.
I now have the MD of Joburg water, Gerald Duma's cell phone number so perhaps it is time to start making some personal calls.

I am really grateful for Marian's help despite her hopes. Her 80-year husband is ill and is facing an op this week. He may have cancer but doctors think it is more likely a benign growth. I feel bad bothering her at this time but she seems eager. I arrived there at 2 and left at 5:30 when I pretty much just got up to leave. I didn't want to be late for church and I think Marian may have talked all night if I hadn't just left.

I hope her husband is ok. I hope I can live up to her expectations with my audio project on the preservation of the Sizwe grasslands and the Jukskei river- in Linksfield. I hope I can include a funny video on the site of Andrew drinking from the Jukskei without being a PR agent. I hope I can stay sane in the next two crazy weeks of madness, deadlines and production.